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A major goal of health systems is to reduce inequities in access to services, that is, to ensure that health care is provided based on health needs rather than social or economic factors. This study aims to identify the determinants of health service sutilization among adults in a large Brazilian city and intraurban disparities in health care use. We combine household survey data with census-derived classification of social vulnerability of each household’s census tract.
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In 1994 Brazil launched what has since become the world’s largest community-based primary health care program. Under the Family Health Program, teams consisting of at least one physician, one nurse, a medical assistant, and four to six trained community health agents deliver most of their services at community-based clinics. They also make regular home visits and conduct neighborhood health promotion activities. This study finds that during 1999–2007, hospitalizations in Brazil for ambulatory care–sensitive chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and asthma, fell at a rate that was statistically significant and almost twice the rate of decline in hospitalizations for all other causes. In municipalities with high Family Health Program enrollment, chronic disease hospitalization rates were 13 percent lower than in municipalities with low enrollment, when other factors were held constant. These results suggest that the Family Health Program has improved health system performance in Brazil by reducing the number of potentially avoidable hospitalizations.
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Este artigo trata das possibilidades de atuação do campo da saúde na abordagem da violência contra a mulher desde suas práticas assistenciais nos serviços e baseadas na perspectiva de gênero. Apresenta- se uma dada compreensão teórico conceitual da violência de gênero contra as mulheres articulada a uma proposta de cuidado, pois a forma como o problema é delimitado é essencial para a intervenção, respondendo a finalidades sociais diversas. Trata- se, portanto, de pensar quais os objetivos da açãoem saúde e qual o seu lugar na produção e reprodução de modos de viver e adoecer. Defende-se a possibilidade de atendimento integral, para que também a violência, e não apenas suas repercussões, seja considerada no trabalho em saúde.